COMPREHENSION PASSAGE PART 3:

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some questions..

“Macrocritical resilience” may be the most mystifying two-word phrase you need to know. Though you may never have heard these two words before, what they describe affects everything you live and strive for. Wonky as it sounds, it is a common sense idea: what generates value is more valuable than what we count in dollars. And yet, it is only in the last few years that we are truly beginning to understand that macrocritical indicators elements of human experience that shape the health and viability of the overall economy really do describe how and where value and capability come into being.

On Christmas Eve, 2013, the small island nation of St. Vincent and the Grenadines experienced the most intense rainfall in its history. 15 percent of gross domestic product was wiped out in just a few hours. In 2004, Hurricane Ivan caused $900 million worth of damage in Grenada more than twice the nation’s GDP. One of the executive directors of the International Monetary Fund noted that when so much value can be lost so suddenly, “you no longer know what the value of a dollar is.”

Climate disruption is generating ever more destructive extreme weather events, putting countries on every continent at risk of macrocritical value loss—a disruption of economic progress that can take generations to come back from. The impact is “macrocritical”, because it affects the overall macroeconomy in critical ways that have long-running repercussions.

Resilience is the ability to “bounce back from a shock”. A tree bends so it will not break in a heavy wind. Systems need to be able to get back in shape after being hit with a major disruption.

In her address to the Chatham House Climate Change Conference, the Executive Secretary of the UN Climate Change Secretariat, said “Climate considerations must be mainstreamed into our global financial architecture.” Leaders in business and finance are beginning to see this as well. A sustainable portfolio is not just one that does good for others; it is one that is designed to thrive in a more competitive future.

This is also the view the IMF has taken, as it comes to grips with the many ways in which macrocritical drivers of value affect national budget outlooks. It is known, for instance, that between two countries that have similar resources, similar populations and similar national budgets, if all other things are equal, the one which refuses to educate young girls is far more likely to descend into sectarian conflict; its budget outlook it tainted by the macrocritical impact of under-educating girls and systematically excluding and mistreating women.

We are entering a new age in the life of Earth systems, and in the evolution of human civilization, but also in the way we conceive of finance its purpose, its vulnerabilities, and its power to generate good outcomes. As we see more and more clearly that universal education, gender equality, food and water security, and climate resilience, are macrocritical drivers on which all other value ultimately depends, major financial institutions, both in the public and private sector, are learning how to measure their performance against macrocritical indicators.

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals were agreed by 193 member states of the UN General Assembly, and aims to achieve 169 action-specific targets. The Paris Agreement will operate through 195 Nationally Determined Contributions to the global climate response. These historic agreements now serve as mapping and design operations for a macrocritically resilient future. There are also ways to make sure money flows to what will empower people to sustain the systems that sustain life, human adaptive capacity, and value, over time.

In a way, this is what people in all societies have always had in mind when they thought about what it means to build a strong, safe, and prosperous society. What is different now is that we can more clearly see that degradations of fundamental values cannot be discounted or swept under the rug. Those mistakes and inefficiencies scale up into systemic threats.

The COP22 climate negotiations in Marrakech will add force and function to the national climate plans intended to avoid dangerous climate disruption. To add momentum and secure our future, world leaders at the G20 summit next year in Germany should make concrete commitments to move the global financial sector closer to true macrocritical resilience. It’s time to stop funding harm and build the future of deep-rooted prosperity we all want to live in.

1. What are the major financial institutions learning these days, both in public and private sector?

1. They are learning how to stop funding harm.

2.They are learning how to make sure money flows.

3.They are learning how to measure their performance against macrocritical indicators.

4.They are learning how to have similar resources.

5.They are learning how to get back in shape after being hit with a major disruption.

Correct Ans: 3

 2. According to the passage how is the person described who refuses to educate young girls?

1. He will empower people to sustain the systems that sustain life.

2. He is far more likely to descend into sectarian conflict.

3. He is an orthodox and will remain the same.

4. Both 2 and 3

5. Not mentioned in the passage

Correct Ans: 2

3. What is sustainable portfolio all about as per the passage given?

(A) It does good for others.

(B) It is intended to avoid dangerous climate disruption.

(C) It is one that is designed to thrive in a more competitive future.

1. Only (A)

2. Both (B) and (C)

3. Only (C)

4. Both (A) and (C)

5. All (A), (B) and (C)

Correct Ans: 4

4. Why is the impact of climate disruption “ macrocritical ”?

(A) Because the degradations of fundamental values cannot be discounted or swept under the rug.

(B) Because it affects the overall macro economy in critical ways that have long-running repercussions.

(C) Because the global financial sector is close to true macrocritical resilience.

1. Only A

2. Only B

3. Only C

4. Both A and C

5. Both B and C

Correct Ans: 2

5. Which of the following can be chosen as the most appropriate Title of the passage?

1. Finance for deep-rooted prosperity is coming.

2. The most intense rainfall.

3. The International Monetary Fund

4. The global financial sector closer to true macrocritical resilience.

5. Degradations of fundamental values.

Correct Ans: 1

6. What are we truly beginning to understand about macrocritical indicators?

1. They describe affects for everything you live and strive for.

2. They may be the most mystifying two-word phrase.

3. They really do describe how and where value and capability come into being.

4. They will operate through 195 Nationally Determined Contributions to the global climate response.

5. They must be mainstreamed into our global financial architecture

Correct Ans: 3

7. In 2004, Hurricane Ivan caused $900 million worth of damage, how much of the nation’s GDP was it?

1. More than thrice the nation’s GDP.

2. More than five times the nation’s GDP.

3. More than twice the nation’s GDP.

4. As much as the nation’s GDP.

5. None of the Above

Correct Ans: 3